Ointments are a mixture of soothing compounds that are used for different health care-related needs. Most ointments may be purchased without a doctor's prescription. Ointments may contain gel-type additives, menthol and anti-inflammatory agents. They are used commonly for diaper rashes, hemorrhoids, back pain and irritated eyes. Common over-the-counter ointments include zinc oxide, menthol back rub ointments, eye lubricants and vitamin D ointment.
Preparation H
Rectal ointments such as Preparation H contain anti-inflammatory agents such as hydrocortisone. This soothes inflamed hemorrhoids---irritated rectal veins---within the rectal cavity of the body. Preparation H Ointment contains four active ingredients, three of which perform a protective function. The fourth is phenylephrine, more commonly found in decongestants. Phenylephrine constricts blood vessels, thus reducing the inflammation.
Nystatin
The antifungal ointment nystatin is marketed under such names as Mycostatin, Pedi-Dri and Nystop. It may be used to treat skin affected by fungal infections. The ointment is applied directly to the affected area. A possible side effect is an irritation of the skin.
Corticosteroid
Corticosteroid as a low-strength ointment may be used to soothe skin irritation. It is marketed under many brand names, including Ala-Cort, Delacort, NuCort, Locoid, Cortizone-10 and Cortizone-5, Scalacort, Texacort, and Ivy Soothe.. Side effects may include finger numbness, infection, raised sensitivity in the skin and blood blisters.
Tazarotene
Tazarotene may be used in the treatment of psoriasis and acne. It is sold under brand names Tazorac and Avage as a gel or cream. Side effects of tazarotene may include a severe burning sensation in the skin, skin color changes, pain, a rash or swelling.
Vaginal Azoles
Ointments to treat vaginal yeast infections contain vaginal azoles. This type of ointment is invasive. These antifungal medications are marketed under such brand names as Vagistat-1, Femizol-M, Gyne-Lotrimin, Monistat 1, Mycelex-3, Terazol 7 and Tioconazole 1. The Mayo Clinic recommends consulting with a doctor even for OTC vaginal ointments if you are using them for the first time. Side effects may include itching, burning or irritation in the vagina. Rare side effects include cramps and headaches.
