How a TENS Unit Works
A TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) unit is a small, battery operated device that provides stimulation to the nerves. The unit sends electrical signals through the pads to interrupt pain signals going to the brain. It also stimulates the body to produce its own natural painkillers, known as endorphins.
TENS units are used on patients by physical therapists, occupational therapists, sports coaches, chiropractors and other medical professionals. According to ivillage.com, TENS units can be adjusted by intensity (amplitude), frequency (rate of the pulsations) or duration. Professionals are experienced with these subtle adjustments and will, therefore, provide a safe TENS therapy session, and they can also show you how to safely self-administer therapy.
According to the TENS unit website, TENS units deliver pulsations to nerves through pads that are placed on the skin. According to Drugs.com, the electrodes can be placed on many different areas. They can be placed on an incision to "capture" pain or near painful areas to help interrupt pain.
However, placement of the electrode patches is very important. If placed incorrectly, pain could worsen. Drugs.com says "the electrodes should never be put near the eyes. The electrodes should also not be put over the nerves from the neck to the throat or brain."
What a TENS Unit Treats
A TENS unit is used by medical practitioners to treat chronic pain of all kinds, arthritis, headaches, sports injuries and other injuries caused by accidents. It can be used once, a few times throughout the day or a few times a week for a few months. Also, pain management with a TENS unit is effective for some people but not for others. If effective, patients can be taught how to safely use one at home.
Contraindications
TENS units shouldn't be used by people who have pacemakers or by pregnant women, as they may induce premature labor. Also, the electrodes shouldn't be placed on the neck near the carotid artery.
