Potassium is a vital mineral for health that is involved in the function of every cell in the body, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center, or UMMC. It's particularly important to the heart, muscles and digestion. Potassium is abundant in the diet, and most people don't need supplements. But some medical conditions can sometimes cause a deficit that requires supplementation. High doses can cause serious side effects, so always talk to your doctor before taking potassium supplements.
Beneficial Effects
Potassium deficiency, a condition known as hypokalemia, is a dangerous condition that can cause weakness and fatigue, cramps, stomach problems, an irregular heartbeat and other heart problems. The most important effect of potassium supplements is to treat hypokalemia, which can be deadly, according to the UMMC. Potassium supplements can also help prevent hypokalemia in those at risk for it because they have Crohn's disease, take certain diuretics, are malnourished, or have diarrhea, vomiting or extreme sweating. There is also some evidence that potassium supplements may help people with high blood pressure, but not all studies agree on that benefit.
Side Effects
Common side effects of potassium supplements are diarrhea, nausea, indigestion, gas, stomach pain or vomiting, according to MayoClinic.com. Potassium supplements have also been linked to intestinal ulceration, according to the Linus Pauling Institute. Taking potassium with meals may help reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
Toxic Effects
When blood potassium levels get too high, the result is a potentially deadly condition known as hyperkalemia, which can cause heart attack, according to the Linus Pauling Institute. Call your doctor right away if you experience severe stomach pain, irregular heartbeat, chest pain, confusion, breathing problems, numbness or tingling, anxiety, extreme fatigue or weakness, throat pain or bloody stools, which may appear red or black. If you have kidney disease, or take ACE inhibitors, heparin, cyclosporine, the antibiotic trimethoprimand sulfamethoxazole or beta-blockers, you are at higher risk for hyperkalemia. Do not take potassium supplements without talking to your doctor first.
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