ADD (attention-deficit disorder or ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) is a chronic condition that is a problem for millions of children and often continues into adulthood, according to the Mayo Clinic. The symptoms that accompany the condition include inattention, hyperactivity and impulsive behaviors. No cures exist for ADD; however, medications and therapies can help manage the symptoms. Before treatments can begin, diagnoses should be made to rule out other conditions that mimic ADD.
Hearing or Vision Impairments
One of the prominent characteristics of ADD is inattention. A child with the disorder will have trouble focusing and following directions, making it difficult to stay on task in school. Hearing and vision impairments, however, can also cause inattention, as individuals who are unable to hear or see clearly may find it hard to follow lessons and communicate effectively. It is important to rule out hearing impairments, as children with impairments that go undetected can develop speech problems and difficulty understanding language. In addition, social isolation and emotional disturbances can result, according to Merk.
Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a mental condition that affects mood, causing extreme highs and lows. Symptoms that mimic ADD are present in bipolar disorder. Irritability, agitation, restlessness, susceptibility to distraction, sleeplessness and impulsiveness are some of the common characteristics that both conditions encompass. Bipolar disorder often develops in the late teens or early adult years. Half of all cases begin before age 25. Some individuals experience their first symptoms in childhood, while others develop symptoms late in life, according to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Bipolar disorder should be diagnosed and treated, as risky behaviors like impulsive sex, spending sprees and suicide attempts could result.
Depression/ Emotional Problems
Depression and emotional problems can display symptoms that mimic those common in ADD. A depressed individual can become withdrawn, restless and irritable, have extreme difficulty concentrating and experience sleep difficulties. If emotional issues plague the individual, he may be unable to concentrate and function as usual. Depression and emotional problems can be a temporary condition that results from a traumatic life event; this is referred to as minor depression. Minor depression affects approximately 7.5 percent of Americans during their lifetime, according to the NIMH. Major depression is described as having five or more symptoms of depression for a minimum of two weeks. Treatments for depression include psychotherapy and medications and should be sought immediately.
