Healthy food choices are the keystone for maintaining good nutrition with diabetes, claims the Mayo Clinic. As long as moderation is observed, no foods are strictly forbidden. The American Diabetes Association agrees. Deprivation, nor restriction, is necessary, but knowing how to choose foods wisely, how much to eat and how often is crucial in maintaining healthy glucose levels in the blood. Some foods, though, need to be watched more closely than others.
Excess Carbohydrates
Three different types of carbohydrates are present in the average diet: starch, fiber and sugar. A certain amount of carbohydrates is necessary for good health, but consuming more grams of carbs than allowed in the diet may cause a spike in blood sugar. Carbohydrates are converted into glucose by the body, explains the American Diabetes Association. Because high blood glucose may lead to serious medical issues for diabetics, it is important to keep these levels in a target range. The target range may be set by the physician or dietitian.
Fats
The Mayo Clinic explains that diabetes increases the chance of developing heart disease. For this reason, it advises consuming no more than 7 percent of the daily diet as saturated fats. This includes hot dogs, bacon, sausage and high-fat dairy products and beef. Trans fats such as processed baked goods, shortening and some margarine should be avoided. A limit of 200 mg of cholesterol is also recommended. Examples are high-fat meats and dairy products, organ meats, shellfish and egg yolks.
Alcohol
Consuming alcohol when blood glucose is low, such as on an empty stomach, is inadvisable. The American Diabetes Association notes that alcohol may cause hypoglycemia. Signs of hypoglycemia include dizziness, confusion and sleepiness. Recommended amounts of alcohol per day are one drink for women and two drinks for men. Blood glucose should be tested before drinking. Alcohol may also decrease resolve to stay with a sensible eating plan.
