A wheat allergy is hypersensitivity of the immune system to one or more proteins found in wheat. Wheat contains four main proteins that can lead to an allergic reaction: gluten, gliadin, albumin and globulin, according to the Food Allergy Initiative. Someone who has been diagnosed with a wheat allergy has a 20 percent change of being allergic to other grains. A common symptom of a wheat allergy is a skin reaction such as hives, eczema,and general itching on the face, arms and in the throat. An itchy face accompanied by swelling may be a sign of a severe allergic reaction. Talk with your doctor for a proper diagnosis.
Cause
If you're allergic to the proteins found in wheat, your immune system creates a defense system against the proteins that lead to common allergic reactions. The IgE antibodies produced by your immune system are proteins that attempt to fight off the allergens, according to MayoClinic.com. The IgE antibodies in the blood cause mast cells to produce histamine, a chemical that causes irritation and inflammation in various parts of the body.
Effect
The effect of increased histamine in the skin causes various rashes to break out, leading to itchy and inflamed skin. The entire face can become itchy, as can specific parts of the face, such as the lips, cheeks or forehead. Other symptoms will develop as a result of a wheat allergy, including digestive issues, nasal congestion and asthma symptoms, according to MayoClinic.com. Bloating, gas, swollen sinus cavities, shortness of breath, chest tightness and wheezing can develop as a result of an allergic reaction to wheat.
Types
The most common types of allergic skin reactions from wheat are hives and eczema. Hives can affect anyone with a wheat allergy, while eczema is commonly a pre-existing condition triggered by a wheat allergy.
Treatment
Treat an itchy face from a wheat allergy with topical hydrocortisone creams, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. A doctor may prescribe corticosteroid creams in severe cases of hives, eczema or other allergic skin conditions. MayoClinic.com states that avoiding wheat products is the most effective treatment for someone with a wheat allergy. An oral antihistamine may also provide relief of an itchy face from a wheat allergy. Talk with your doctor before taking any medication.
Warning
MayoClinic.com warns that a severe allergic reaction to wheat can lead to anaphylactic shock, a life-threatening allergic reaction. If the face becomes itchy, swollen and the person is unable to breathe normally and feels dizzy, call 911 for immediate medical attention.
