Diverticulitis is the inflammation of diverticula, which are small pouches in the gastrointestinal tract usually found in the colon. Diet plays an important role in preventing infection and inflammation. Eating healthful foods reduces constipation and hard stools, complications that can make the condition worse. A clear liquid diet is suggested during diverticulitis outbreaks, while a high-fiber diet is suggested when the condition is not inflamed.
Diverticulosis vs. Diverticulitis
Diverticulosis is a medical condition in which pouches or pockets form in the intestinal wall. Most individuals with diverticulosis have no symptoms of the condition. Inflammation, or diverticulitis, occurs when food and fecal matter gets caught in the pouches. The inflammation of the pockets causes the pain and discomfort felt by diverticulitis sufferers.
Clear Liquid Diet
Doctors usually prescribe a clear liquid diet during a diverticulitis flare-up. This allows the intestines time to rest and the infection to heal. Clear liquid diets mean no solid foods or juices with pulp or fruit juices. Broths, Popsicles, gelatin, and clear juices including apple, cranberry and grape are allowed on a clear liquid diet.
Low-Fiber Diet
Doctors will prescribe a low-fiber solid diet once the infection has healed and symptoms have diminished. A low-fiber diet includes canned or well-cooked fruits and vegetables without any seeds or skin; white rice, breads and pastas; ground or very tender meats; eggs and dairy products.
High-Fiber Diet
After symptoms improve and low-fiber foods have been tolerated for about two to four days, fiber is slowly added back into the diet. Add fiber foods slowly, about 5 to 15 g per day. The target intake is 25 to 30 g of fiber daily. High-fiber foods include dried beans and peas, whole-grain breads, cereals and pastas, brown rice and plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Considerations
A physician and dietitian should be consulted during flare-ups, as diverticula can perforate. Be sure to follow the diet recommended by a physician. Increasing fiber too quickly in the diet can lead to stomach upset, bloating and increased inflammation. Be sure to drink plenty of fluids and exercise daily to promote healthy bowel movements.
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