Bitter orange extract (citrus aurantium) is an herbal element in ancient Chinese medicine. The theory behind its effectiveness relates to the balance of yin and yang and the flow of qi. When yin and yang are unbalanced, disease and health complications are thought to result. Currently, bitter orange extract is a widely used remedy for heartburn, weight loss and nasal congestion. In topical forms, it can be applied to the skin to treat fungal infections. The risks of bitter orange extract include serious heart complications, stroke and increased blood pressure.
Heart Complications and Stroke
Many people are familiar with ephedra, the popular ingredient for weight loss and increased energy. The U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) now bans ephedra due to complications like heart attack and stroke that have been linked to its use. According to the National Center for Complimentary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), bitter orange contains the chemical synephrine, which is akin to the major chemical in ephedra. The safety of bitter orange extract is uncertain. The risks for heart attack and stroke that resulted from use with epehdra products are thought to exist with bitter orange extract, particularly in large doses and when used by those with existing health issues.
Increased Blood Pressure/Heart Rate
Bitter orange extract is often combined with caffeine in herbal remedies and concoctions that promote weight loss. These products claim to be effective at speeding the metabolism and increasing energy for weight loss. Any herbal remedies, including bitter orange extract, should be used with caution, as they are not closely regulated by the FDA and can pose dangers to health. According to the Mayo Clinic, bitter orange extract is one of a host of herbal products that claim to be ephedra-free, but are not deemed safe, as long-term effects are uncertain. Another possible risk associated with bitter orange extract is increased blood pressure and heart rate, which can be further increased when caffeine is added.
Drug Interactions/ Unhealthy Additives
In addition to the above health risks, bitter orange extract is also considered unsafe due to possible drug interactions that can occur, with users taking certain prescription medications and over-the-counter cold remedies. According to Melina Jampolis, MD, a physician nutrition specialist, because bitter orange extract is not regulated as a drug, you may not be given appropriate doses of the active compound and may be exposed to unhealthy additives present in various products.
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