1. Blood Sugar Levels Tell it All
Blood tests done in a doctor's office gives allows the primary health care provider to diagnose diabetes, prescribe medication and determine the best course of action for their patient. However, once diagnosed, diabetics also test their own blood sugar at home. Testing blood sugar levels allows diabetics to see their highs and lows and lets them know when they need to moderate their diet or take insulin.
2. Take a GTT
Doctor's perform a glucose tolerance test, or GTT, to get an overview of a patience's ability to process glucose. The GTT requires a patient to fast before an initial blood sample is taken. The patient then drinks a standard glucose solution. While the body processes the glucose, blood is taken at regular intervals and tested. Doctors evaluate these test results to determine if a patient is diabetic. Two or more results above 126 mg/dL is considered diabetic. Two or more results above 140 mg/dL is also considered diabetic.
3. Battle Diabetes With a Lancet and Meter
Diabetics must monitor their blood sugar level on a regular basis. Using a small lancet, they perform a finger prick. This results in a small amount of blood from the pad of a finger. It is placed on a strip and read by a specialized meter. Meters vary in design and performance. Doctors usually recommend a meter for their patients. Patients must use a meter that keeps a record of the results, or they must keep track of them manually.
4. Fingertip Alternatives
Alternatives to the traditional finger prick testing are available. The testing still requires a prick and a small amount of blood tested by a meter, similar to the traditional method, but you can use the upper arm, forearm, base of the thumb or even the thigh. It is less painful than using the pads of your fingers and may be a better choice for some. The results may vary from the testing of the fingertip, which is more sensitive to rapid changes. Discuss alternative testing options with your health care provider.
5. Monitor Progress With A1C
A glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test is performed in a lab and is used to monitor your progress in controlling your diabetes. A blood sample is drawn and tested. The American Diabetes Association recommends that type 1 diabetics be tested four times a year, and type 2 diabetics be tested twice a year. The lab test measures glycated hemoglobin. This changes as red blood cells are replaced in their natural cycle. As your blood sugar lowers, the new hemoglobin has lower glycates. This allows your doctor to determine your progress.
