Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that forms in the thin layer of tissue surrounding the body's internal organs. The most common form of the disease is pleural malignant mesothelioma, found in the tissue around the lungs. Mesothelioma is rare and affects between 2,000 and 3,000 people each year, according to the American Cancer Society. The disease is mainly caused by exposure to and inhalation of asbestos---a fiber that was added to building materials and supplies up until the late '70s. Asbestos is rarely used today.
It can take between 30 and 50 years from being exposed to asbestos to developing mesothelioma, according to MedlinePlus. Due to the slow progression, most patients are between the ages of 50 and 70 years old. Mesothelioma is difficult to differentiate from lung cancer. A variety of specific tests are needed to make an accurate diagnosis.
Step 1
Look for common symptoms of pleural mesothelioma, including shortness of breath and coughing. Feel for any lumps in the skin near the chest. Observe for peritoneal mesothelioma; signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea and lumps in the abdominal area. Document any abnormal signs and when the symptoms began, the duration and anything that helps with relief.
Step 2
Have a variety of body imaging scans preformed, such as X-ray or computerized tomography (CT), so a doctor can look for any abnormalities. Allow a sample of blood to be taken. This is often necessary to determine if an abnormality is present in the body. Blood work will not specifically indicate that cancer is present; it will simply identify abnormal conditions.
Step 3
Get a biopsy. The only way to firmly diagnose mesothelioma is by examining a tissue sample. Have the biopsy preformed by needle aspiration, using a scope or by surgical examination. Fluid buildup in the lungs and abdomen, if present, can also be used to aid in the diagnosis. Have the fluid analyzed for cancer in the cells.
Tips and Warnings
- It is OK to get a second opinion, especially because mesothelioma is so rare. Your medical doctor will assign a specific stage to your mesothelioma. The stage determines if the cancer is localized or is spreading and how developed it is.
