Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD, is a characterized by hyperimpulsive behavior and an inability to concentrate. For several years, the impact of diet on this disorder has been extensively studied. The results of studies are complicated, as it seems that people with ADHD may be affected in different ways by the same foods. Studies have shown, however, that some foods may improve the symptoms of at least a subset of ADHD cases, especially in those with nutritional deficiencies.
Foods With No Salicylates
The Feingold diet, developed by Dr. Benjamin Feingold, M.D., was developed on several principles, one of which is that many children have adverse reactions to substances called salicylates. The University of Michigan Health System cites a study that found 10 to 25 percent of children have adverse reactions to salicylates, which are found in many foods and are also an ingredient in aspirin. Foods that contain salicylates include berries, apples, chili powder, cloves, grapes, oranges, beaches, plums, and tomatoes. If you are interested in trying out a diet without salicylates, the University of Maryland Medical Center advises consulting a doctor. Foods without salicylates and other additives as listed by the Feingold Program include pears, lemons, pineapples, pecans, macadamia nuts, chicken, turkey, and potatoes.
Foods with Iron
One study, as reported by the University of Michigan Health System, found that up to 84 percent of children with ADHD had an iron deficiency versus 18 percent of healthy children. Iron deficiency has significant effects on mood and brain function and thus may contribute to the symptoms ADHD. The University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign has published a list of several foods rich in iron. Foods on this list include beef and chicken, especially liver; black beans and lima beans; fortified oatmeal and other breakfast cereals; and spinach. However, it is important to note that if you are not deficient in iron, there is no evidence that iron can improve the symptoms of ADHD.
Foods with Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3 fatty acids are substances that are essential for normal body growth and functioning. These fatty acids are also important for optimal brain function. The University of Maryland Medical Center notes that some people with ADHD have a deficiency in omega-3 fatty acids, which may contribute to their symptoms. Salmon, flax seed, and walnuts are very rich in these healthy fats.
