An itchy scalp can be uncomfortable and irritating. Some of the symptoms, such as flaking, can also be quite embarrassing. There are a number of skin conditions that can cause an itchy scalp, as well as open wounds and scabs. The best way to get relief is to let your doctor help you identify the problem and then apply treatment, usually through specially formulated shampoos or ointments.
Scalp Psoriasis
Psoriasis prompts the immune system to overact and produce hyper T lymphocytes, or T cells, which mistakenly attack healthy skin cells. Typically, T cells fight of viruses and bacteria, but the development of psoriasis increases the number of white blood cells that can enter your epidermis. When this happens, too many new skin cells are produced, forcing still healthy skin cells to the outer layer of your skin too quickly. The result is thick and scaly skin patches on your scalp that can itch, and if scratched too harshly, turn into scabs. Scientists are not entirely clear on exactly what causes the T cells' hyperactive behavior in psoriasis, but it is believed that genetics and the environment are factors, according to the Mayo Clinic. There are a number of treatments for psoriasis, including ointments, specially formulated shampoos and light therapy.
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Your shampoo, conditioner or hair dye product can be a cause for an itchy scalp, according to a CNN Health article. Your hair cleansing and/or hair dye products may contain allergens to which your skin is sensitive. Allergic contact dermatitis can often result in a red rash, bumps and even blisters in severe cases, according to the Mayo Clinic. It is important that you do not scratch open any blisters and further irritate the affected skin. When brushing your hair, avoid making contact with the scalp. The best treatment for allergic contact dermatitis is to identify and to stop using the product that is causing the irritation to your scalp. Hydrocortisone creams and oral medications are available to treat symptoms, which should clear up within two to four weeks after the allergen is no longer being applied.
Dandruff
Dandruff is a common and often chronic scalp condition. While dandruff rarely results in scabs, and if the itching is severe enough, too much scratching can cause open wounds. The most common dandruff symptoms are itching and flaking of the skin. Newborns sometimes develop a type of dandruff condition called cradle cap that produces a crusty scalp. According to the Mayo Clinic, the condition is not serious in babies and typically clears up on its own after about a year. Most cases of dandruff can be cured with simple over-the-counter shampoos. In more severe cases of dandruff, called seborrheic dermatitis, specially formulated shampoos may be needed to relieve redness and swelling.
