Ulcerative colitis belongs to a group of digestive conditions referred to as inflammatory bowel diseases. Ulcerative colitis is characterized by the inflammation of the lining of the colon. This inflammation can result in frequent abdominal pain and diarrhea, especially after meals. If not managed properly, ulcerative colitis can result in permanent damage to the colon.
Causes
The exact cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown, but the condition is believed to develop as a result of a combination of genetics and an abnormal immune system response. In those with ulcerative colitis, the immune system reacts abnormally to the intestinal flora that normally lives there, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse.
Considerations
According to the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America, ensuring that you get the proper nutrition is an important aspect of managing your disease. Eating a healthy, balanced diet can help alleviate symptoms, replace lost nutrients and help promote healing. Chronic diarrhea and vomiting can throw off the electrolyte balance in the body as well as expel important nutrients from the body.
Problem Foods
Since every case of ulcerative colitis is different, it can be difficult to choose the right diet. The first step in determining the proper diet is to note any problem foods, which are foods that make symptoms worse. Once you determine what your specific problem foods are, you should avoid these foods as much as possible. MayoClinic.com notes that common problem foods include beans, cabbage, raw fruit, popcorn, alcohol, caffeine and carbonated beverages.
Fiber
Once specific problem foods have been identified, the next step is to find the best way to eat fiber. Fiber is the foundation of a healthy diet, but unfortunately, it can exacerbate symptoms in those with ulcerative colitis. If you can't tolerate raw fruits and vegetables, try lightly steaming them. This can reduce their effect on the bowels and may help to ease symptoms. Some people may benefit from taking a fiber supplement instead of consuming fiber-rich foods. MayoClinic.com notes that the bowels may tolerate fiber supplements better.
Meal Timing
Eating a large meal can put a great deal of stress on the bowels. The bowels must work extra hard in response to a large volume of food, and this can trigger or worsen the symptoms of ulcerative colitis. In order to prevent putting too much stress on the bowels, you should eat frequently throughout the day, rather than only a few times. Instead of eating 3 large meals, try dividing food into 6 smaller meals that you can eat at regular intervals.
