Muscle Weakness & Potassium Supplements

When experiencing muscle weakness, determining the cause is important to acquiring the correct treatment. Low potassium or hypokalemia may cause muscle weakness along with many other symptoms, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Consult a physician for a diagnosis to determine if low potassium is the cause of muscle weakness. A common treatment plan for low potassium involves a change in diet and potassium supplements.

Significance

Potassium is a very important mineral and electrolyte. It is required for proper kidney and heart function as well as muscle contractions, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. When potassium becomes imbalanced, treatment is critical for proper body functions.

Cause & Diagnosis

According to the Linus Pauling Institute of Oregon State University, prolonged bouts of diarrhea and vomiting may cause low potassium levels. Individuals with anorexia and kidney disease may also be at risk. When hypokalemia is suspected, a blood test is performed to determine potassium levels.

Potassium Supplements

Although many foods are high in potassium and may be recommended for individuals with low potassium levels, potassium supplements may also be prescribed. Available supplements include potassium citrate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, potassium gluconate, and potassium acetate They may come in tablets, capsules, liquids and powders.

The proper use and dosage of potassium supplements vary partly due to the type and form of supplement prescribed. A physician will prescribe the appropriate potassium supplement and dosage based on medical conditions, current medications and medication sensitivities. However, according to Dr. Sidney M. Wolfe and colleagues in their book "Worst Pills, Best Pills," potassium chloride in liquid form is the safest.

Precautions & Side Effects

Potassium supplements should be taken at their recommended or prescribed dosage due to the risk of overdosing. Drug interactions can occur while taking potassium supplements, therefore you should inform a physician of all current medications and supplements. Potassium supplements may interact with medications such as NSAIDS, ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. [See reference 1].

Side effects of potassium supplements may include stomach or intestinal bleeding, irregular heartbeats and leg weakness, according to the Mayo Clinic. If you experience any side effects, you should contact a physician immediately.

Prognosis

A follow-up blood test is usually performed within the first week of starting potassium supplements. As long as there are no further medical problems, potassium levels should return to normal relatively quickly, although the prognosis varies. Symptoms such as muscle weakness should also be resolved once potassium levels return to normal.