The most common health risk of vitamin D deficiency is a higher risk of bone fractures, resulting from lower bone density. With low levels of vitamin D, the body cannot efficiently absorb calcium and phosphorous. But research has also shown cardiovascular complications relating to vitamin D deficiency, as well as other health problems related to insufficient levels of the nutrient in the body.
Bone Fractures
When vitamin D levels are low and the body can't properly absorb calcium, bone density lessens and the risk of fractures increases. But a study in the New England Journal of Medicine found that vitamin D supplementation improves bone density in the spine, neck and rest of the body. And because bone density diminishes with age, it's often advisable for older adults to take a vitamin D and calcium combined supplement.
Cardiovascular Disease
Numerous studies have linked low levels of vitamin D with a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease. In a study published in the January 2008 issue of American Heart Association journal "Circulation," researchers found that vitamin D is associated with higher cardiovascular risk above and beyond other risk factors. The researchers stated: "The higher risk associated with vitamin D deficiency was particularly evident among individuals with high blood pressure."
Rickets
Rickets is a disease marked by bone weakening and is most often seen in children who have faced prolonged vitamin D deficiency. Treatment includes vitamin D supplements and dietary modifications to ensure sustained vitamin D consumption.
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