Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition that is characterized by a problem with the lower esophageal sphincter, which is at the end of the esophagus. Food that is eaten travels down the esophagus, passes through the lower esophageal sphincter and into the stomach. It opens to allow food into the stomach and closes to prevent food from returning, or refluxing, to the esophagus. The lower esophageal sphincter is a muscle, and when it relaxes for too long, stomach acids can get into the esophagus, causing heartburn or regurgitation. If stomach acid reaches the mouth, it can taste bitter and is called acid indigestion. While individuals differ in their reactions to GERD, some foods are considered safe and other foods that can contribute to acid reflux.
Safe Foods
Breads, pasta, cereals and rice are considered safe foods when there is acid reflux. The bread should be a plain, low-fat type of bread. Muffins, pancakes, waffles and tortillas are also considered safe foods. The pasta and rice should be a plain type and should be prepared by boiling. Peas, low-fat beans and lentils are also considered foods that can be eaten with acid reflux.
Vegetables
All vegetables are considered foods that can be eaten when having acid reflux. However, the vegetables should not be fried or served with cream sauces. Tomatoes should be avoided.
Fruits
All fruits except citrus fruits can be eaten when having acid reflux. The acid in citrus fruits can add to the acid indigestion. Examples of non-citrus fruits include apples, bananas, pears, apricots, nectarines, cherries, strawberries and grapes. Examples of fruit to avoid are oranges and grapefruit.
Meat and Dairy Products
Poultry, lean meat and fish can be eaten when there is a condition of acid reflux. Eggs, low-fat yoghurt and cheese are also safe.
Fats
Low-fat or non-fat salad dressings, small amounts of vegetable oil and mayonnaise are safe foods. Try to avoid butter, margarine, gravy and meat drippings.
Desserts
Low-fat cookies and cakes, sponge cakes and angel food cake are safe foods.
Beverages
Low-fat milk, non-fat milk and herbal teas are safe to consume except for herbal teas that have mint. Juices that are not made from citric fruits are safe. Grape juice would be safe whereas orange juice would not.
