Calcium antagonists, also called calcium channel blockers, are a group of similar-acting medications used in the treatment of high blood pressure. They can also be used to treat some forms of migraine headaches and Raynaud's disease, according to MayoClinic.com. Calcium antagonists, such as verapamil and amlodipine, work by blocking calcium from entering the heart muscle and blood vessel walls. This relaxes the blood vessels, allowing for an improved blood flow and lower blood pressure. Calcium antagonists can be used alone or in combination with other blood pressure medications, and there are some side effects associated with their use.
Allergic Reaction
It is possible to develop an allergic reaction to any of the calcium antagonist medications, such as amlodipine, according to Drugs.com. The signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction can include the development of an itchy skin rash, hives, wheezing and difficulty breathing. There can also be swelling of the face, tongue or throat. This is a serious side effect and should be reported to a health care professional immediately.
Dizziness and Lightheadedness
Most of the calcium antagonist medications are capable of producing hypotension, or a sudden drop in blood pressure that causes dizziness and light-headedness, according to the "Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care." These effects may be more pronounced when first starting treatment with a calcium antagonist medication. Getting up slowly from a seated or lying down position can help avoid feeling dizzy and light-headedness while taking these medications.
Constipation and Nausea
Constipation is a common side effect that can be experienced while taking calcium antagonist medications, especially with verapamil, according to the Texas Heart Institute. Other gastrointestinal side effects associated with the use of calcium antagonists include nausea and heartburn. Increasing ingestion of high fiber foods, eating plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables and using a stool softener can help alleviate symptoms of constipation. Taking these medications on a full stomach may help avoid feelings of nausea.
Swelling
Taking calcium antagonist medication can lead to swelling of the hands, abdomen, legs and feet, according to PubMed Health. This type of swelling is called edema. Elevating the feet and legs several times a day and limiting the intake of salt and salty foods can help relieve some of the swelling. Any sign of swelling should be reported to the prescribing physician for evaluation.
Rapid Heartbeat
Calcium antagonists can cause a rather serious side effect called tachycardia, or rapid heartbeat. This can feel like a fluttering or pounding in the chest, according to Drugs.com. It is also possible to experience chest pain, irregular heartbeat and a heavy feeling in the chest while taking calcium antagonists. Serious side effects such as these should be reported to a physician at once.
Member Comments