Sodium borohydride, also known as sodium tetrahydroborate, is a reducing agent. It is called a reducing agent because it donates an electron to another substance during a chemical reaction which reduces their overall charge. The formula for sodium borohydride is NaBH4, which means it is a compound formed from one sodium molecule, one boron molecule and four hydrogen molecules.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Sodium borohydride comes in the form of a white crystalline powder and is odorless. It has a boiling point of 400 degrees C and a melting point of 36 degrees C. Sodium borohydride is soluble in water and reacts with hot water according to the Material Safety Data Sheet, or MSDS.
Uses and Applications
Sodium borohydride is used as a foaming agent for rubbers and as a hydrogen source for fuel cell systems. It is also commonly used in organic chemistry in synthesis reactions because sodium borohydride reduces ketones and aldehydes to alcohol.
Safety Information
According to the MSDS, sodium borohydride is corrosive and will cause burns to any area of contact. It is also harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Sodium borohydride is flammable.
Handling
Certain protective equipment should be worn when handling this chemical. Eye protection should be worn, including goggles and a shield. A lab coat, gloves and apron should be worn to protect the body. When using sodium borohydride, work should be completed in a vent hood and a personal respirator should be worn.
Storage
Sodium borohydride should be stored in a dry, cool and well ventilated area. It should be kept away from other flammable objects. The MSDS recommends storing this chemical outside or in detached storage. Containers should be protected from moisture and sparks and stored in a non-smoking section.
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