Milk protein intolerance is another term used for a milk allergy and is better defined as a milk protein hypersensitivity. Although milk allergies are mostly found in young children, a milk allergy can be a lifelong condition. Milk allergies and lactose intolerance are commonly confused because of similar digestive symptoms. If you experience unpleasant side effects after drinking milk, talk to your doctor about participating in allergy tests to determine your condition.
Milk Allergy
A milk allergy is a hypersensitivity to the proteins found in milk products. Milk is composed of two main proteins: casein and whey. An adult is either allergic to one or both of the proteins but should avoid all dairy because of the risk of cross-contamination. During an allergic reaction to milk proteins, the body creates IgE antibodies to fight off the mistaken harmful substance. This causes mast cells to generate increased levels of histamine. Histamine leads to common allergy symptoms.
Lactose Intolerance Consideration
Lactose intolerance is commonly mistaken for a milk protein intolerance. Lactose intolerance is a condition where the body doesn't produce enough lactase, the enzyme that breaks down lactose. Lactose intolerance is a lifelong condition that has no cure, but is manageable. Almost every adult has a degree of lactose intolerance, but only people with significant symptoms are considered lactose intolerant.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a milk allergy, or milk protein intolerance include digestive complications, nasal congestion, asthma and skin reactions. The small intestines become inflamed and irritated, leading to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and cramping. Nasal congestion can cause sinus headaches, postnasal drip and coughing. Asthmatic reactions include wheezing, difficulty breathing and chest tightness. Common skin reactions include general inflammation, itching and swelling, along with hives and eczema.
Treatment
MayoClinic.com states that mild symptoms from a milk allergy are treated with over-the-counter antihistamines, decongestants and topical hydrocortisone cream. Antihistamines address the excessive amount of histamine, causing inflammation. Decongestants reduce nasal swelling and hydrocortisone cream is used to treat and alleviate skin rashes. In severe allergic skin reactions, a doctor may prescribe corticosteroid creams to calm the skin, reduce inflammation and alleviate the itch.
Severe Allergic Reaction
A severe allergic reaction to milk protein could cause a potentially life-threatening condition. If you develop symptoms, such as hives, shortness of breath, lightheadedness and panic, call 911 immediately. Anaphylactic shock is an extreme allergic reaction where excessive amounts of histamine cause the body to experience a state of shock.
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