Burn blisters may be caused by heat (fire, steam or friction), chemicals, electricity or radiation (sunburn). The three degrees of burn damage are first (superficial redness and some swelling), second (both top and second layer of skin is affected with red, raw areas and blisters emitting fluid) and third (with areas damaged through to the muscle and nerves and often with less pain than with second degree burns). The type and severity of complications from burn blisters depend on the area and extent of damage, but are usually concerned with second-degree burns. Some possible complications are listed below.
Peeling
Peeling of the outer skin happens in first-degree burns and as second-degree burns heal. Although this peeling may be seen as unsightly (as in a sunburn), the peeling or sloughing off of dead skin is actually a sign of healing as it gives way to new skin to replace the damaged skin.
Infection
Infection is very likely to occur when the epidermis is compromised and underlying, raw skin is exposed. Sterile dressings and possible antibiotic medication may be prescribed. Signs of infection include pain, redness and swelling or oozing around the blister, according to the Mayo Clinic. If red streaking from the burn blister toward the heart can be seen, blood poisoning is a danger.
Skin Cancer
Skin cancer can develop from areas of sunburn where the skin has been hurt to the point where the DNA of the skin is damaged. Skin cancer may start as a small growth or sore that bleeds, heals and then blisters and reopens. The Mayo Clinic says severe blistering sunburns as a child may develop over time into dark, flat spots called lentigo maligna.
Pain
Pain is a complication as well as a direct result of burn blisters, especially from second-degree burns. Sterile compresses and aloe vera lotion may soothe the burned area, but according to the Mayo Clinic, the skin has to regenerate and heal on its own. Most treatments address symptoms, but in order for the patient to heal properly, she must be made as comfortable and stress-free as possible.
Shock
Shock can be a complication of severe blistering burns that may be extensive. A person whose skin becomes cold and clammy with shallow breathing needs immediate medical attention.
