Bumps often appear on the bottom of your tongue for a variety of reasons. While some bumps are harmless and will eventually vanish without treatment, others cause severe pain and may become infected, according to Family Doctor.org. Recognize the various types of bumps that are common under the tongue to ensure your oral health.
Types
Painful bumps on the bottom of your tongue that cause discomfort during eating may be canker sores, according to MayoClinic.com. Canker sores -- often caused by viral infections or sensitivity to certain foods -- can be yellow or white with a red border and aren't contagious. Pain or swelling that occurs under your tongue while you are drinking or eating could also be a symptom of a salivary duct stone -- a small red bump or spot that forms when crystallized saliva blocks your salivary ducts, according to Medline Plus. Family Doctor.org reports that hot drinks or food often burn your tongue and trigger small, painful bumps called inflamed papillae.
Solution
Non-prescription pain relievers that include acetaminophen or ibuprofen can minimize temporary discomfort caused by inflamed papillae. At-home treatments to relieve pain from canker sores include brushing your teeth gently and avoiding toothpaste that contains lauryl sulfate. Apply ice to canker sores and allow the ice chips to melt on the sores, or dab milk of magnesia in small amounts on the sore to reduce pain, according to Medline Plus.
Effects
Salivary duct stones, while painful, are not a serious threat to your health, says Medline Plus. Your doctor can often remove the stones without surgery and you will likely experience minimal discomfort. Canker sores and inflamed papillae often heal without treatment.
Potential
Some people with salivary duct stones experience recurrence or infections, as well as persistent discomfort. Ask your doctor if surgery to remove the affected salivary gland may be necessary. Lower your risk for future canker sores by avoiding common triggers -- spicy and acidic foods, as well as oranges and grapefruit. Yogurt contains bacteria that may help prevent canker sores, according to MayoClinic.com, while consistent brushing and flossing keeps your mouth clean.
Expert Insight
A mucocele is a harmless cyst, usually blue, that often appears under your tongue and causes no pain, according to MayoClinic.com. Your risk for the cyst increases when you suck mouth tissue between your teeth. A mucocele typically relieves without treatment, although popping or attempting to open the cyst on your own may lead to infection.
Warning
Notify your doctor if any sore or bump on your tongue causes persistent discomfort or doesn't heal after home care, as this may be a sign of oral cancer, reports Family Doctor.org.
