Direct Contact
Salmonella bacteria is one of the leading causes of food poisoning in humans. There are over 2000 different types of bacteria that make up salmonella. One way that someone can get salmonella is by direct contact and consumption of something that is infected with bacteria. Examples of this include touching or handling certain reptiles and amphibians such as snakes, lizards and turtles. Many of these types of animals carry salmonella on their skin. This makes it very easy for humans to contract the bacteria. If the animals are in a classroom or a petting zoo, they can be handled by several people including children. This is an easy way to spread salmonella very quickly among a large group of people. Coming into direct contact with an uncooked egg, unpasteurized milk and raw meat can also be a way to contract the bacteria. This especially comes into play with countertops and food preparation surfaces such as knives, cutting boards, chopping blocks and food mixers. The best way to avoid any type of direct contact with salmonella is to immediately wash your hands and all contaminated surfaces after every use. Surfaces that are reused in the kitchen such as countertops and food prep areas should be cleaned with a bleach and water solution to kill off bacteria.
Indirect Contact
Indirect contact is another way for humans to get salmonella bacteria. A lot of people may experience indirect contact and not even know it. One way this is done is by contaminated animal feces reaching soil, vegetables, farm animals and well water. This can also happen in areas where food is stored. If raw or fresh vegetables and meat leak or come into contact with cooked food, someone could digest salmonella bacteria unknowingly. Some of the symptoms of Salmonella include diarrhea, vomiting, headache, bloody stools, fever, body, abdominal pain, chills and muscle cramps. Salmonella poisoning can often times mimic the gastrointestinal flu, so many people do not end up throwing away the source of the contaminant. When symptoms persist for over 48 hours, medical assistance should be sought. Professional testing can be conducted to determine that it is indeed salmonella poisoning and not the flu.
Contaminated Food
Another way salmonella can be spread is through contaminated and undercooked food. Some of the most common carriers of Salmonella include undercooked poultry, eggs, milk, dairy products, vegetables, raw meat and water sources. Extra care should always be given when preparing, cooking and serving all of these foods. For poultry and meat, the meat should be rinsed thoroughly before getting ready to cook or prepare. It is important that they are cooked completely through so there is no pink meat in the middle. All dairy products should be pasteurized to prevent the spread of salmonella. All organic or fresh vegetables should be washed thoroughly before serving and eating.
