Scientists still are not sure exactly what causes premenstrual syndrome, better known as PMS. Changes in hormone levels during the menstrual cycle appear to play a role. Other possible causes are chemical changes in the brain, low vitamin and mineral levels, excess salt consumption, and consumption of alcohol and caffeinated drinks. Some herbal treatments may help ease PMS symptoms. However, if your symptoms are persistent or severe, consult a qualified health care professional.
Chasteberry
Chasteberry, the fruit of the chaste tree, is widely used in Europe to ease the symptoms of PMS. Also known as vitex or monk's pepper, this herb is native to the Mediterranean region. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, several studies have demonstrated that chasteberry may improve PMS-associated moodiness, breast tenderness and headache. Women taking birth control pills, estrogen supplements or anti-psychotic medicine should not use this herbal treatment.
Wild Yam Extract
In her book "Prescription for Nutritional Healing," nutritional consultant Phyllis Balch recommends wild yam extract for PMS. She states that this natural source of progesterone can ease many of the characteristic symptoms of PMS, including irritability, insomnia, moodiness, depression and headache. Distinct from the sweet potato type of yam, wild yam is a tuberous vine native to North America. Herbalists have been using it as far back as the 1700s to alleviate menstrual cramps and childbirth-related problems. Wild yam is typically prepared as a tincture, fluid extract or tea. Because it has the potential to produce estrogen-like effects, this herbal treatment should not be used by women with a history of hormone-sensitive cancers.
Ginkgo Biloba
According to a review in the "American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology," ginkgo biloba has been evaluated for its usefulness in addressing the symptoms of PMS. The authors describe a study in which 165 women were split into two groups, which were followed for the duration of two menstrual cycles. One group received a ginkgo biloba extract, while the other group received an inactive placebo twice daily beginning on the 16th day of their cycle until the fifth day of menstruation. The women who took ginkgo biloba demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in congestion, breast tenderness and mood. More studies are necessary before ginkgo biloba can be widely recommended for PMS.
References
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Premenstrual Syndrome
- "Prescription for Nutritional Healing"; Phyllis Balch; 2006
- "American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"; An Integrative Medicine Approach to Premenstrual Syndrome; A. Girman et al; May 2003
- WomensHealth.gov: Premenstrual Syndrome
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