A stroke -- referred to medically as a cerebrovascular accident, or CVA -- results in the blockage of blood flow to the brain. According to the American Heart Association, 700,000 Americans suffer a stroke annually. The severity of a stroke can lead to the inability to control one or more limbs and can require an extensive therapy program. Consult a therapist or physician before starting a therapy program following a stroke to determine your individual needs.
Considerations
The American Heart Association recommends that physicians lead the stroke-therapy program. Exercise has risks and the stroke patient must be properly screened and evaluated before arm and leg exercises in a therapy program can be prescribed. Consider the range-of-motion of every arm and leg along with the strength of the muscles.
Function
The No. 1 goal of arm and leg exercises is to regain limb mobility and function to return to an independent life over the long-term. The National Stroke Association says that muscle weakness and lack of control is one of the most common effects of a stroke, so arm and leg exercises should focus on building strength, control and flexibility.
Types
Two basic categories of exercises include aerobics and resistance. Aerobic exercises can be performed on arm ergometers or treadmills and are designed to improve muscle strength and endurance, while resistance exercises can be performed with resistance bands or lightweight dumbbells and improve strength and flexibility.
Time Frame
The American Heart Association found that a training frequency of three to seven days per week -- with each session lasting 20 to 60 minutes -- showed significant positive results. Another study conducted by the American Heart Association showed significant gains in peak oxygen uptake, strength and body composition, with a rehab program of one hour per day and three days per week for 12 weeks. The time frame should be adjusted based on improvements and fatigue levels.
Sample Program
The National Stroke Association provides several recommended exercises and rehab programs for stroke patients. Use walking, bending and stretching exercises to improve flexibility. Stretching exercises can include movements that extend the arms or bend the torso. Keep a record of the rehab program with the specific exercises performed during each session to monitor progress.
