Dandruff causes greasy flakes on your scalp, ears and face, according to the Cleveland Clinic. It is related to seborrheic dermatitis and is most common in babies under 3 months old and adults between ages 30 and 60. You may develop dandruff for a variety of reasons such as genetics, stress, fatigue, weather or having oily skin. Besides being unsightly and embarrassing, dandruff itches and irritates your scalp, which can lead to infection and bleeding. Adult or adolescent dandruff may subside on its own. Otherwise, there are ways for you to quickly and effectively control it.
Step 1
Buy over-the-counter medicated shampoo with an ingredient such as coal tar, ketoconazole, salicylic acid, selenium sulphide or zinc pyrithione on the shampoo labels, notes the Cleveland Clinic.
Step 2
Wash your scalp with the medicated shampoo two to three times a week. Use a gentle, circular motion and do not scratch your scalp, as this makes dandruff worse.
Step 3
Apply a thin layer of a medicated cream or ointment that contains an ingredient such as tar oil or sulfur to your scalp daily, according to American Osteopathic College of Dermatology.
Step 4
Consume enough zinc, vitamin B and omega-3 fatty acids in your diet each day -- these nutrients can help improve dandruff, reports the Mayo Clinic.
Tips and Warnings
- Avoid using any hair product that makes your dandruff worse. Keep your scalp well-moisturized during the dry, particularly during cold winter months -- or use a humidifier regularly. Consult your dermatologist if your dandruff does not improve after several weeks, advises the Mayo Clinic. You may need a prescription-strength shampoo, cream or ointment.
- Excessive use of prescription-strength products for dandruff may cause side effects, warns the American Academy of Dermatology. Use only as directed by your physician. Report any side effects that occur to your doctor.
