The most common reactions to protein powder are related to an allergy to dairy proteins. According to Kids Health, cow's milk consists of two main proteins: whey and casein. Whey is the liquid part of the milk that is commonly used in protein powder shakes, bars and other supplements. Whey makes up about 20 percent of the milk, while casein makes up the other 80 percent. If you experience adverse reactions to protein powder after consuming it, discontinue use and call your doctor.
Causes
The Food Allergy Initiative says a milk allergy is one of the most common food allergies, especially in children under 3 years old. If you're allergic to milk, your body has a hypersensitivity to the whey, casein or both proteins. During a milk allergy, your immune system reacts as if it's under attack by creating antibodies to fight off the milk proteins. The production of the antibodies alerts mast cells throughout the body to create histamine, a chemical that helps defend the body.
Effects
Histamine is produced and released in various parts of the body containing soft tissue, such as the sinuses, lungs and skin, according to MayoClinic.com. Increased levels of histamine can cause the following symptoms: asthma, skin rashes, nasal congestion and digestive complications. You may become short of breath, begin wheezing or cough constantly. Common skin rashes from a protein powder reaction include eczema, hives and general itching. You may experience nausea, vomiting or diarrhea as well.
Severe Reaction
A severe allergic reaction to protein powder is possible, but rare. If you have a known milk allergy, avoid consuming all milk-related foods and beverages. Anaphylactic shock is an extreme, entire-body allergic reaction that could lead to death if not properly treated, according to MedlinePlus. Anaphylaxis symptoms include slurred speech, anxiety, confusion, nausea, hives, difficulty breathing, tightening of the mouth or throat, coughing, abdominal pain, wheezing, fainting and an increased heart rate. Call 911 if you develop these symptoms.
Treatment
Treat an allergic reaction to protein powder by calling your doctor, taking an antihistamine and using topical hydrocortisone cream for skin rashes. An oral antihistamine will prevent the body from producing histamine, which causes most of the allergic reaction symptoms. Hydrocortisone cream will help reduce the inflammation and relieve the itch.
Prevention
Talk with your doctor before using any supplement to prevent adverse reactions. Read the product label and look for any allergen disclosure statement. The FDA requires that all manufacturers disclose the use of dairy in their products.
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