Chronic depression, or dysthymia, is a form of depression where the patient has a regularly low mood, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). While chronic depression is not as severe as major depression, it can affect the patient's daily life.
Symptoms
Chronic depression symptoms are different from other forms of depression. The NIH states that the symptoms include overeating or a poor appetite, decreased concentration, insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue, low self-esteem and feelings of hopelessness.
Medications
Dr. Gabrielle J. Melin of the Mayo Clinic mentions a recent study conducted at Dartmouth that showed the effectiveness of using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and problem-solving therapy in treating chronic depression.
Mechanism
SSRIs work by preventing the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin, leaving more to be absorbed and used. The influx of serotonin increases the patient's mood, thus treating the symptoms of chronic depression.
Side Effects
The NIH notes that SSRIs have side effects such as a reduction in sex drive, mild insomnia and gastrointestinal problems.
Considerations
For patients who have had chronic depression for many years, Melin recommends introducing psychotherapy as an additional treatment method.
