Premenstrual tension, also known as premenstrual syndrome, is a common condition for girls and women. In fact, 75 percent of females of reproductive age might deal with the symptoms of PMT at some point, according to MayoClinic.com. If you are suffering the effects of premenstrual syndrome, making lifestyle changes such as modifying your diet could help you find relief.
Causes
Although an exact cause for PMT or PMS is unknown, certain factors increase your chances of having this condition. Hormonal changes play a role. Changes in brain chemicals that affect mood, such as serotonin, might also contribute to PMT. If you eat a diet high in salt, caffeine or alcohol, you may be more at risk for developing the condition. Lacking proper levels of vitamins and minerals in your diet is a factor as well, according to MayoClinic.com.
Symptoms
As someone with premenstrual tension or syndrome, you might experience both physical and emotional effects. Physical symptoms include bloating, headaches, water retention, fatigue, muscle pain, acne, constipation, diarrhea and tenderness in the breasts. You might also experience mood swings, anxiety, crying spells, irritability and temporary depression. Craving certain foods is also a common sign of having PMT, according to MayoClinic.com.
PMDD
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a severe form of PMS. Receiving a PMDD diagnosis requires that you have at least five symptoms in the days before and during menstruation, according to the U.S. Office on Women's Health. They include severe sadness, lasting irritability, lack of interest in normal activities, social isolation, insomnia, poor concentration, binge eating and panic attacks. The physical signs associated with premenstrual syndrome are also symptoms of PMDD. However, debate is ongoing among the medical community and women's groups about whether to classify this condition as a psychiatric illness.
Diet & Nutrition
While PMT doesn't have a cure, eating a healthful diet can help prevent or reduce the severity of your symptoms. The American Dietetic Association recommends eating a diet rich in fiber, which includes whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Avoiding salty or sugary foods and alcohol can help reduce the abdominal bloating and weight gain common in PMT as well. The ADA also advises limiting your consumption of caffeine because it can contribute to irritability. If you're not getting enough nutrients in your diet, consider taking supplements. Taking 1,200 mg of calcium and 50 to 100 mg of vitamin B-6 daily can reduce symptoms, according to MayoClinic.com. Consuming a 400-IU vitamin E supplement may reduce cramps and breast tenderness. A 400 mg. magnesium supplement helps limit bloating and fluid retention.
Other Treatment Options
Medications specifically designed to treat the full range of premenstrual syndrome do not exist, but several drugs are available that help to reduce discomfort. Pain relievers available include over-the-counter drugs. Your doctor might also prescribe diuretics, contraceptive drugs and antidepressants to treat severe physical and emotional symptoms.
