Your body needs cholesterol for basic processes, but too much of it can be harmful. High cholesterol can lead to high blood pressure, atherosclerosis and heart disease. Complications from heart disease are the No. 1 killer in the U.S. According to the National Cholesterol Education Program, you should have your blood cholesterol levels checked every five years after the age of 20. Ask your doctor about ordering a lipoprotein profile to check your blood cholesterol levels.
Total Cholesterol
Cholesterol is measured in milligrams per deciliter of blood. You should aim for a total blood cholesterol less than 200mg/dL. Your range is considered borderline high if it is between 200 and 239mg/dL. You are at the highest risk for heart disease if your total cholesterol is greater than 240mg/dL.
LDL Cholesterol
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is often called the "bad" cholesterol. LDL cholesterol builds up in your arteries, causes blockages and can lead to heart attacks. Ideally, your LDL level should be below 100mg/dL. If you have a high risk of heart disease, your LDL should be below 70mg/dL. Levels between 100 and 129mg/dL are right in the middle and you may need to pay attention so it does not increase. You are considered borderline high if your LDL level is between 130 and 159mg/dL, high if it is between 160 and 189mg/dL, and very high if your LDL is above 190mg/dL.
HDL Cholesterol
High-density lipoprotein is commonly referred to as the "good" cholesterol. HDL cholesterol scavenges through your bloodstream, picks up the excess LDL cholesterol and transports it to the liver, where it is broken down. You want a high level of HDL cholesterol in your blood. Low HDL levels are considered less than 40mg/dL for women and 50mg/dL for men. HDL levels between 50 and 59mg/dL are better, but aim for a level above 60mg/dL for the lowest risk of heart disease.
Triglycerides
A blood panel also measures triglycerides. This level should be below 150mg/dL. Once your triglycerides reach the range of 150 to 199mg/dL, you are considered borderline high and may need to watch your diet. High levels are from 200 to 499mg/dL and very high levels are above 500mg/dL.
Other Considerations
If you have a family history of heart attacks, high blood pressure or high cholesterol, inform your doctor. These risk factors may increase your chances of getting heart disease. Your doctor may request that your cholesterol be checked more often if you have underlying risk factors. Smoking can increase your LDL levels and increase your risk for heart disease. Your doctor can suggest changes to your diet or prescribe medication if high cholesterol is a concern for you.
