Amphetamines were originally developed to treat asthma, sleep disorders and hyperactivity. Synthetic ephedrine, a form of amphetamines, was available over the counter until 1954. They cause the release of dopamine, block the re-uptake of dopamine -- a brain chemical -- and inhibit the destruction of circulating dopamine. Amphetamines suppress appetite and may be helpful to those wanting to lose weight. However, like any medication, they also have other effects on the body.
Cardiovascular
Amphetamines cause changes to the cardiovascular system in the body that include pulmonary hypertension, peripheral hypertension, increased heart rate, palpitations and regurgitant cardiac valvular disease, according to Drugs.com. The symptoms cease when the medication is discontinued. However, if you have underlying cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, you can experience permanent damage with the use of amphetamine diet pills. On rare occasions heart enlargement and heart attack have been reported.
Neurological
Stimulants like amphetamines can cause decreased ability to sleep, increased alertness and decreased appetite, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. During World War II, amphetamines were given to pilots to keep them alert during long flights and to fight off fatigue. According to Washington University faculty, amphetamines can dilate the pupils and also cause feelings of happiness and power.
Psychiatric
Amphetamines are medications that can induce hallucinations, violent and aggressive behavior and paranoid behavior, according to Washington University faculty. You might experience feelings of restlessness, hyperactivity, headache, dizziness and an increased or decreased interest in sex and tremors, according to Drugs.com. These symptoms are reversible when the medication has been completed. Some individuals may also experience depression, seizures, movement disorders, overstimulation, motor or phonic tics similar to Tourette's syndrome.
Addiction
Addiction is a real consideration for people who are using them to lose weight. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, stimulants cause a rapid rise in dopamine in the brain giving the user a feeling of euphoria. After chronic use, the user experiences withdrawal symptoms, including fatigue, depression and disturbed sleep patterns. Addiction is a significant effect of amphetamine usage and can lead to rebound weight gain coinciding with withdrawal.
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