Human chorionic gonadotropin, known as HCG, is a prescription medication classified as an ovulation stimulator and gonadotropin. It is used to induce ovulation and pregnancy in infertile women who fail to ovulate. It is also used in treatment of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which is the absence or decreased function of the testes in males or ovaries in females. HCG may be used in men to promote sperm production and in young boys to treat prepubertal cryptorchidism, which is the failure of one or both testicles to descend. HCG is administered as an intramuscular injection and may produce several side effects.
Edema
Edema, which is swelling due to the accumulation of fluid, may occur with HCG doses. You may notice bloating, mild swelling of the skin and water-weight gain. If swelling of your skin worsens, seek medical attention. Edema may be dangerous in patients with heart failure, high blood pressure and diabetes.
Local Site Reaction
You may develop side effects at the site of injection, such as inflammation, redness, itchiness and swelling, according to the "Drug Information Handbook." These reactions usually occur right after the injection and are temporary. If you develop a rash or itchiness that spreads, you may be allergic to the medication and need to stop the doses. Inform your physician right away; he can determine which alternate medical treatment is right for you.
Changes in Mood and Behavior
Injections of HCG may lead to changes in mood, including depression and irritability. Depression is characterized by sadness, loss of interest in activities that were once enjoyable, sleeping changes and weight changes. If these symptoms persist for a long period, speak with your physician. If you have thoughts of hurting yourself or someone else, seek help immediately. You may experience headaches, restlessness and fatigue; these should lessen as you continue to use the drug. Speak with a healthcare professional if any adverse reaction becomes severe.
Breast Changes
Breast tenderness or swelling may occur in both men and women receiving HCG shots. Men may develop gynecomastia, which is an enlargement of the glands found in the breast, leading to breast enlargement. These side effects do not produce harmful effects on your health; however, some men may feel self-conscious or uncomfortable. Discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Precocious Puberty
The use of HCG in boys for the treatment of prepubertal cryptorchidism may lead to precocious puberty, which is the onset of puberty at an earlier age than normal. Normally, the onset of puberty occurs around the age of 10 in boys; if the onset of puberty occurs before the age of 9, this is considered prepubertal cryptorchidism, according to KidsHealth.com. If your child develops signs of puberty, such as deepening of voice, enlargement of testicles or penis, acne and a growth spurt, contact a pediatrician who can perform a proper evaluation.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2009
- KidsHealth: Precocious Puberty
- RxList: Pregnyl
- Drugs.com: HCG
