Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin or cyanocobalamin, is one of the eight B-complex vitamins. Vitamin B12 is water soluble and important for the production of healthy red blood cells and the maintenance of good nervous system functioning. Vitamin B12 supplements are recommended for patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 tablets taken through the sublingual route may cause several side effects.
Increased Risk of Overdose
Sublingual route means that the 2,500 mg dose of vitamin B12 is placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve directly into the bloodstream; any side effects are immediate. This means that more vitamin B12 is readily absorbed by the body since it is delivered directly into the bloodstream. This places you at a high risk of overdose.
Severe Allergic Reactions
The 2,500 mg tablet of vitamin B12 that is taken sublingually may cause immediate severe allergic reactions to you if you are allergic to cobalt and other ingredients in the tablets, according to Drugs.com. Signs and symptoms of allergic reactions include wheezing, breathing problems, rashes, itching, swelling of face, eyelids, lips, tongue and mouth, chest pain, chest tightness, fever and chills.
Gastrointestinal Effects
This 2,500 mg amount of vitamin B12 may cause gastrointestinal upset, according to Drugs.com. Some patients may experience diarrhea, heartburn, nausea and vomiting. Sublingual vitamin B12 may also cause irritation, such as burning and sensation on the tongue when placed under the tongue.
Cardiovascular Effects
The 2,500 mg dose of vitamin B12 may also cause cardiovascular symptoms, such as blood clots in the legs and lungs, pulmonary edema and heart failure, according to Drugs.com. Cardiovascular symptoms usually occur later on during treatment with a 2,500 mg dose of sublingual vitamin B12.
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