The macula is a specific area on the retina that aids in clear central vision--the vision you use for reading and face recognition. If the cells in the macula begin to break down, this can result in permanent loss of vision, a condition called macular degeneration. Macular Degeneration Research estimates that, in the U.S. alone, over seven million people have moderate or advanced macular degeneration. Certain vitamins may help prevent this devastating condition.
AREDS Findings
In 2001, the National Eye Institute released the findings from a study regarding the use of certain nutrients and the occurrence of age-related eye disease. This study, called the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, or AREDS, determined that if a person takes a certain dose of the studied nutrients, she reduces her risk of advanced macular degeneration by around 25 percent.
Formulation
Not all vitamins offer protection from macular degeneration, and you may need to take some nutrients in high doses for prevention. The AREDS formulation indicates that, for the best known protection, you need to take vitamin E, C and A, as well as zinc and copper. The studied dosage includes 400 international units of vitamin E, 500mg of vitamin C, 25,000 international units of vitamin A, 80mg of zinc and 2mg of copper, lists the University of Maryland Medical Center.
Supplements
Vitamin manufacturers typically label supplements with "AREDS formulation" or other designation to indicate that the vitamin contains the studied dosage of these specific nutrients. Your eye doctor or pharmacist will help you determine a supplement appropriate for your eyes and overall health.
Other Prevention
In addition to supplements with the AREDS formulation, omega-3 fatty acids may help prevent macular degeneration. Fish oil capsules or flaxseed oil capsules provide this essential fatty acid, but you may decide to eat fish, such as salmon, that contains omega-3, as well as flaxseed or walnuts.
Lutein and zeaxanthin are antioxidants that help protect the macula. You can find these nutrients in many vitamins, or you can make them a part of your diet. Most dark green, leafy vegetables contain lutein and zeaxanthin, as do many other vegetables and fruits.
Considerations
Prior to starting a supplement or making dietary changes, sit down with your health care provider to discuss your options. High doses of certain nutrients may interfere with the effectiveness of your medications or cause a reaction. Your doctor will work with you to determine which vitamin will work best with your nutrition and health needs.
