Vitamin B2, also called riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin that the body needs to help the skin, digestive tract and blood. People usually obtain adequate amounts of B2 from a healthy diet. The daily recommended allowance of riboflavin for men is 1.3 mg, while women over age 18 who are not pregnant or breastfeeding need 1.1 mg. Pregnant and breast feeding women require more riboflavin.
Functions
B2 assists with metabolizing carbohydrates and amino acids to produce energy. The vitamin also helps maintain healthy mucous membranes in the body. B2 also may help prevent migraine headaches, cervical cancer, carpal tunnel syndrome and acne, according to MedlinePlus. The kidneys excrete excessive amounts of riboflavin from the body in urine.
Natural Sources
Natural sources for riboflavin include dairy products, nuts, leafy green vegetables, eggs, lean meat and legumes. Manufacturers of breads and cereals often fortify products with riboflavin. To protect the breakdown of B2 in these foods, avoid storing them in glass containers that allow exposure to light.
Riboflavin Deficiency
A deficiency of vitamin B2 usually occurs in addition to a deficiency of other forms of vitamin B. A physician makes the deficiency diagnosis based on symptoms and from a test to measure the amounts of riboflavin in the urine. Medical conditions such as alcoholism, an overactive thyroid, liver disease and burns may increase the need for vitamin B2 and cause a deficiency, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Symptoms of a B2 Deficiency
People with a riboflavin deficiency may experience symptoms such as cracks on the lips and in the corners of the mouth, a magenta-colored mouth and tongue and patches of scaly skin on the head, face and genitals, according to the Merck Manual of Medical Information. Individuals may also experience symptoms such as a sore throat and itching or burning sensation in the eyes, as well as sensitivity to light.
Riboflavin Supplements
To correct a riboflavin deficiency, a person can take vitamin B2 supplements. A physician usually orders high doses of oral riboflavin until the symptoms of the deficiency go away. Muscular injections of B2 may become necessary if the oral treatment fails. Always consult a physician before starting a dietary supplement.
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