Heat exhaustion and heat stroke are two of the most serious heat-related illnesses. When the body is subjected to prolonged exposure to heat and humidity without adequate fluid intake, the body struggles to regulate its temperature and cool itself off. In many instances, patients sweat in large amounts and do not replenish the lost liquids, causing patients to experience dehydration and create low levels of salt concentration. Heat exhaustion and heat stroke are serious conditions that require immediate medical attention. If left untreated, they can be fatal.
Skin Signs
As the body tries to cool itself, patients may experience an increase in metabolism and, subsequently, a rise in body temperature. Patients suffering from heat exhaustion may have a fever up to 102 degrees F, while those who sustain a heat stroke can have a temperature that reaches 104 degrees F, according to the University of Virginia Health System.
In addition, patients' skin becomes pale and moist when suffering from heat exhaustion. As the condition worsens to a heat stroke, patients may have warm, dry skin---a sign that they require immediate medical attention.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Because patients are experiencing severe dehydration and low levels of salts in their bodies, they may experience several gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and loss of appetite. Patients who are demonstrating these gastrointestinal signs of heat-related illnesses typically benefit from rest, applying cold compresses and drinking a sports drink that contains sugar and salts.
General Signs
Heat exhaustion and heat stroke can be life-threatening if the body is unable to cool itself. Many patients who experience severe heat-related illnesses experience rapid heart beat, fatigue, weakness, confusion, anxiety, stupor, headache and even seizures. If patients are showing any of these signs of heat exhaustion or heat stroke, it is important for them to immediately receive medical attention. Some first aid tips for these patients are to apply cold compresses and give them fluids that can replenish electrolytes.
