Statins are a group of medications used to help lower high cholesterol levels. These medications work by replacing the enzyme HMG-CoA in your liver; an enzyme responsible for cholesterol production. By replacing this enzyme, cholesterol production is reduced and levels in the blood are decreased. While effective, these medications are accompanied by a variety of side effects that affect different areas of your body.
Digestive Side Effects
According to the doctors at the Mayo Clinic, some people taking statins may experience digestive tract problems. Although these side effects are considered rare, they include constipation, nausea and diarrhea. In most cases those who develop these side effects already suffer from digestive problems. The experts at Mayo Clinic suggest taking your medication with your meal in the evening.
Skin Rashes
Shortly after you begin taking your prescribed statin, you may notice the development of a skin rash or flushing (sudden reddening of the neck). Your chances of experiencing this side effect increases if you are taking another cholesterol-lowering medication in combination with a statin, such as niacin. The doctors at Mayo Clinic state that taking an aspirin prior to taking your prescribed statin may help reduce this effect; however, they also recommend speaking to your doctor before doing so.
Muscle Pain
This is the most common side effect of statins, the Mayo Clinic reports, and will generally present itself as muscle weakness or soreness. It can range in severity from mild to disabling and can interfere with your normal daily activities. Although a common side effect, it can also be life-threatening. In rare cases, one in every 15 million people according to Mayo Clinic, a condition called rhabdomyolysis can occur, causing severe muscle damage. This condition can lead to liver and kidney damage, and death. It most frequently develops in those who are taking statins in conjunction with other medications.
Effects On the Liver
Because statins work by reducing cholesterol production in the liver, there is a possibility of liver damage occurring. In some cases, statins cause your liver to increase its production of enzymes. If your doctor does not closely monitor liver enzyme production through blood tests and make changes if a problem is indicated, this increase could result in liver damage. Because this damage may not present symptoms right away, the Mayo Clinic cautions that your doctor should test your liver function six weeks after you begin taking the statin, and then every three to six months.
