Carbohydrates are components of foods that are composed of sugars. There are several types of carbohydrates present in food sources. Simple carbohydrates, found in refined flour products such as white bread and rice, and complex carbohydrates, found in brown rice and whole-grain products, are the most recognizable forms. However, sugars, starches and fiber are also carbohydrates. Although many weight-loss advocates recommend restricting or limiting your intake of carbohydrates, these food components serve several important functions.
Energy
The primary function of carbohydrates in your diet is to provide your body with energy. Amylase, an enzyme naturally produced by your body, converts simple and complex carbohydrates into glucose, a sugar your body uses as fuel. This helps provide physical stamina and mental focus for work and school tasks, exercise and household activities. Carbohydrates in your diet may help prevent fatigue, muscle weakness and lack of mental focus.
Heart Disease Prevention
Dietary fiber, a form of carbohydrate, plays an important role in preventing heart disease. Foods containing dietary fiber help prevent cholesterol from being absorbed into your bloodstream, which can prevent high cholesterol levels that increase your risk of heart attack and stroke. Dietary fiber may also help clear plaque from the walls of your arteries, lowering blood pressure and easing the workload on your heart.
Diabetes Management
Dietary fiber may help clear excess glucose from your bloodstream. This may help reduce your body's need for insulin, particularly if you have diabetes. By lowering blood glucose levels, it can also help prevent common symptoms of diabetes, including fainting, dizziness, mental confusion, fatigue and loss of physical balance.
Cell Production
Carbohydrates are essential for building healthy cells. They aid your body in generating cells to repair your organs, muscle tissues and nerve endings. This may help prevent muscle and organ deterioration, as well as nerve damage.
References
- European Food Information Council: Carbohydrates
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Carbohydrates
- "Prescription for Nutritional Healing"; Dr. James F. Balch and Phyllis A. Balch, C.N.C.; 1997



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