Hyperkalemia is defined as high potassium levels in the blood stream. According to Medline Plus of the National Institutes of Health, potassium is important in maintaining muscle function, digestive tract function and electrolyte balance throughout the body. Most often, hyperkalemia is caused by kidney dysfunction; however, burns, infections, surgery, trauma, and tumors can cause potassium to be released from blood cells into the bloodstream and cause hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia typically is not associated with any symptoms, but causes an irregular heartbeat, which can be life-threatening, states MayoClinic.com. Therefore, prompt treatment of hypkalemia is important.
Step 1
Seek emergency medical treatment if you have a potassium level over 6 milliequivalents per deciliter. Be sure the emergency room doctor performs an electrocardiogram to check for an irregular rhythm.
Step 2
Take medications as directed to lower potassium levels. The most commonly used drug is Kayexelate, which is a medication that binds to potassium and excretes it through the digestive tract. A diuretic may be prescribed to help rid your system of excessive potassium through the urinary tract.
Step 3
Agree to dialysis to emergently remove excessive potassium, particularly if you have existing kidney dysfunction. Once potassium levels return to normal, dialysis will be discontinued.
Step 4
Change your lifestyle to prevent future elevations of blood potassium levels. Limit your intake of potassium-rich foods, and take potassium-lowering medications as directed.
Tips and Warnings
- Follow up with your primary care physician to have your potassium levels frequently checked.
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