Heartburn and acid reflux affect millions of Americans every day. Heartburn symptoms can cause tremendous discomfort and pain. Most acid reflux sufferers will use over-the-counter antacid medications to relieve heartburn symptoms. Unfortunately, medications are not always readily available. Although milk has been suggested as an option for providing temporary relief, it can potentially worsen heartburn symptoms.
Risk Factors for Heartburn
Individuals who are pregnant or obese are at increased risk for acid reflux from the external pressure placed on the esophageal sphincter, making it more susceptible to open inappropriately. Research has shown that alcohol and smoking can also weaken the sphincter. Some individuals may have genetic abnormalities of the esophageal sphincter and may be at higher risk for the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD.
Heartburn Symptoms
Acid reflux occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter opens inappropriately, allowing for the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus. Reflux could also result from the failure of the esophageal sphincter to close properly. As stomach acid, bile and food contents enter back into the esophagus, they irritate the inner lining of the esophagus, causing pain and discomfort. The painful sensation may be felt anywhere from the upper stomach to the back of the throat. Other symptoms of acid reflux may include coughing, difficulty swallowing and a metallic taste in the back of the throat.
GERD
Heartburn symptoms that persistently occur more than twice a week may lead to a diagnosis of GERD. Complications, including a narrowing of the esophagus from scar tissue, esophageal ulcers and pre-cancerous changes, can occur if left untreated. Although occasional heartburn symptoms can be treated with over-the-counter medications, GERD should always be evaluated by a physician and may require treatment with prescription drugs.
Milk and Heartburn Symptoms
Many people who suffer from heartburn symptoms may have been wrongly told that milk is an effective treatment. Although milk does provide a cooling and soothing effect as it initially travels down the esophagus, it also contains high amounts of fats and proteins that stimulate additional gastric acid production. Eventually, the excess gastric acid could cause resurgent heartburn symptoms that are more intense than previously encountered.
Prevention and Treatment of Acid Reflux
Avoid eating excessively large meals or wearing tight-fit clothes to reduce the likelihood of developing acid reflux. In addition, fatty foods and spicy foods should be restricted since they both can increase acid production. Remaining upright immediately after eating prevents gravity from pulling stomach contents back up the esophagus. The most effective treatments for acid reflux are over-the-counter or prescription antacids. Although heartburn is a common occurrence for many people immediately after eating, patients should contact a physician if they encounter persistent symptoms. In addition, patients should contact a physician if they feel the pain could be a result of another health condition.
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