Kidney failure can occur as a sudden, acute episode due to illness or as a chronic disease. Chronic kidney failure is caused by damage to the kidneys that leads to a gradual loss of functioning. When the kidneys decline or stop functioning, waste products and fluid can accumulate in the body. Risk factors for chronic kidney failure include hypertension and diabetes, which are also associated with being overweight. Losing weight may help some individuals with kidney failure to better manage their disease and other risk factors. Talk to your doctor about your weight loss goals and ask them for recommendations for your diet.
Step 1
Limit the amount of carbohydrates you eat, staying within the recommendations made by your doctor or dietitian. Many individuals with kidney failure are required to restrict the amount of protein they can eat. According to Drexel University College of Medicine, you still need to eat enough calories and you can replace protein calories with those in complex carbohydrates. Eat fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains as your source of carbohydrates. These foods are nutrient-dense and contain dietary fiber that can help you feel fuller for long, so you lose weight.
Step 2
Emphasize foods that are low in sodium or sodium free. Read nutritional labels for hidden sources of sodium and never use the salt shaker on your foods. Drexel University College of Medicine recommends that individuals with kidney failure use products that contain 100 mg or less sodium per serving. Unfortunately, salt substitutes contain potassium, which should be limited by individuals with kidney failure. Season foods instead with fresh or dried herbs, spices and home made spice mixes. Make your own condiments or purchase those that are low in sodium. Be aware that tomato products such as ketchup should be limited or avoided by individuals with kidney failure.
Step 3
Limit your intake of foods that contain large amounts of phosphorous including most dairy products. The National Kidney Foundation explains that kidney failure can impair the processing of phosphorus and can lead to depletion of calcium from the bones. Your doctor may recommend that you take supplemental calcium and vitamin D in order to prevent this bone loss. Some dairy foods such as margarine, butter and cream cheese have less phosphorus than other dairy foods such as milk but they also tend to contain more fat and calories. Substitute non-dairy products such as coffee creamer and whipped toppings for products that may contain too much phosphorus.
Step 4
Eat fresh fruits and vegetables that are naturally low in potassium, such as peaches, grapes, apples, broccoli and carrots. Drexel University College of Medicine explains that individuals who have kidney disease or kidney failure are unable to process potassium, and it can build to dangerous levels in the blood. Speak with your doctor or dietitian to determine how much potassium is right for you, based on your level of kidney function.
Step 5
Emphasize high quality, low-fat proteins such as fish, white meat poultry, pork and eggs, rather than high fat red meat or fried proteins. According to the National Kidney Foundation, you may need to limit the amount of protein you can consume. This can help your body manage the processing of proteins and the waste products produced during digestion. Your body still needs protein for essential functions including tissue repair and proper functioning of the heart. Eating higher quality proteins can help decrease the amount of calories and fat you consume, while still providing much-needed protein.
Tips and Warnings
- Speak with your doctor before making any dietary changes.
