Soy is a versatile legume, used in many types of soy products, such as tofu, tempeh, soy protein powder, soy nuts, miso and soy milk. Soy product labels have claimed health benefits, such as lowering cholesterol and reducing heart disease risk. Numerous studies have examined effects of soy isoflavones, compounds found in soy products, on health benefits related to low estrogen levels in women with menopause.
Background
Soy isoflavones are similar to the female hormone estrogen. In fact, according to the National Institutes of Health, isoflavones may even slightly mimic the actions of estrogen in the body. Some supplements contain soy isoflavones, soy proteins or both.
Basics
Since isoflavones are similar to estrogen, theoretically they may help reduce symptoms related to low estrogen levels in the body. These may include symptoms of menopause, such as vaginal dryness, hot flashes, osteoporosis, mood swings or hair loss. Soy has been used as an alternative treatment to hormone therapy in menopausal women.
Benefits
According to the National Institutes of Health, consuming 25 g of soy protein each day can help lower your cholesterol levels and reduce your risk for heart disease, symptoms of menopause, osteoporosis and certain types of cancer.
Considerations
Although some studies show that soy isoflavones reduce hot flashes related to menopause, study results vary and are inconsistent, according to the National Center for Complimentary and Alternative Medicine. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services notes that there is no solid evidence supporting the statement that isoflavones, or phytoestrogens, found in soy-based products or supplements do relieve hot flashes. More research is needed to help determine if isoflavones found in soy really do help treat symptoms related to low estrogen or lack of estrogen in the body. Further research is also necessary to help determine ideal or safe doses when consuming isoflavones.
Concerns
The National Center for Complimentary and Alternative Medicine notes that the safety of using isoflavones over long periods of time has not been established. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends using concentrated forms of isoflavones supplements with caution because little is known about the safety of these products and dietary supplements are not regulated as tightly as foods or drugs.
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