Low levels of sugar, more specifically glucose, in the blood may lead to a variety of symptoms. These may range from mild to severe, and the condition can be life threatening. Hypoglycemia, the medical term for low blood sugar, is defined by a glucose level less than 70 milligrams per deciliter, according to MedlinePlus. It is usually seen in those with diabetes --- most often related to medicine use --- but may be found in others as well.
Mild Symptoms
Most, but not all, people develop warning signs as the sugar level decreases. For some, this decline may trigger shakiness or trembling, a cold sweat or a lightheaded feeling. For others, symptoms may include hunger, a general sense of not feeling well or mood changes like the appearance of grumpiness or irritability. Nervousness, fatigue, weakness and clouded thinking may be seen. Numbness or tingling of the skin as well as headache may develop, and a racing or pounding heart may also signal a drop in blood sugar.
Symptoms vary among individuals, but tend to be fairly consistent for each person. It is important for those with diabetes or other risk factors for low sugar levels to learn to recognize their set of symptoms so that they may address treatment immediately and prevent the progression of symptoms. Even mild symptoms should preclude driving and other activities requiring full alertness and control of one's faculties.
Moderate Symptoms
More pronounced symptoms may occur if low sugar levels are not addressed. Changes in mental status like sleepiness and worsening confusion may develop. Dis-coordination may lead to clumsiness or jerky movements of the extremities. Hallucinations and memory impairment occur when the brain does not have enough glucose to function normally. The eyes may be affected resulting in blurred vision and unequal pupils. Sometimes these symptoms can be mistaken for inebriation.
Severe Symptoms
Significant problems may develop if low sugar levels go unchecked. The brain is dependent upon glucose for normal function and insufficient amounts lead to symptoms of brain impairment. Passing out is the progression of feeling faint. Prolonged loss of consciousness leads to coma. Seizures or convulsions signal a severe level of hypoglycemia. Taken to the extreme, the sequence of events may lead to death.
In some cases, symptoms do not develop, or are not recognized, until the patient loses consciousness. It is important that those who spend time with people prone to low sugar levels know how to recognize and respond to symptoms before they become serious.
