Cholesterol, a fatty compound that circulates in the blood, is essential for many cellular processes, including maintenance of cell membranes and production of hormones. When blood cholesterol is too high, however, it raises the risk of heart disease and stroke. Low-density lipoprotein, or LDL, is called bad cholesterol because it builds up in artery walls and may lead to coronary artery disease. Strategies that may lower the levels of LDL in the blood include changing to a healthy diet, exercising and taking statins to lower cholesterol. Consult a doctor to determine the regimen that is best for you.
Diet
Adding certain fruits, vegetables and whole grains to the diet may be very effective in lowering LDL. Foods high in soluble fiber are especially effective because soluble fiber absorbs cholesterol in the digestive tract, slowing its absorption. Apples, pears, bananas and citrus fruits are high in soluble fiber and good dietary choices. Vegetables that contain lots of soluble fiber include the legumes, such as green peas, black-eyed peas and several types of beans. Oatmeal and oat bran are also very high in soluble fiber and excellent additions to the diet. MayoClinic.com suggests eating at least 10 g of soluble fiber daily to help lower LDL.
Exercise
Increasing physical activity through an exercise program may help lower levels of LDL, according to MedlinePlus. Besides increasing flexibility and helping with weight control, exercise may also help remove cholesterol deposits in artery walls, a major cause of cardiovascular disease. The American Heart Association recommends brisk walking, hiking or stair-climbing. Gardening, playing sports or bicycling also provide good levels of exercise. Add exercise gradually to your daily regimen, and consult a doctor to determine the appropriate level of activity for you.
Statins
Statins are prescriptions drugs that suppress production of cholesterol in liver cells by inhibiting a cholesterol-producing enzyme in these cells. Statins are generally considered safe, according to the Federal Drug Administration, but they may produce side effects. These include muscle pain or fatigue, which may disappear with time, and possibly serious effects on the liver. These drugs should not be taken by pregnant women, and they may interact with other medications. Consult a doctor to determine if a statin is a good choice for you, and have regular checkups while taking the drug.
