There are more than 100 types of cancer, which is a condition that occurs when cell growth becomes uncontrollable. Diet has been linked with many different illnesses, including cancer, and is a risk factor for the disease that can be modified. While diet alone will not definitively prevent cancer, it can help promote good health and boost the immune system, reducing the risk of developing the disease.
Significance
Cancer has become a major health problem. According to the World Health Organization, or WHO, cancer causes 7.1 million deaths a year worldwide, and the number is expected to rise. WHO adds that diet has been found to be related to 30 percent of cancer diagnoses in Western countries; this is second only to tobacco use. With diet so strongly linked to the development of cancer, good nutrition is imperative in preventing illness.
Types
Dietary factors have been linked to several different types of cancer. Breast, colorectal, esophageal, endometrial and kidney cancer have all been associated with diet or related factors like being overweight or obese, says WHO. While these cancers certainly develop for other reasons as well, diet is a risk factor that can be altered to help reduce the likelihood of disease.
Features
Certain dietary choices can increase the risk of developing certain cancers. According to the American Cancer Society, colorectal and esophageal cancer is associated with a diet high in red or processed meats, whereas a diet that emphasizes fruits and vegetables has been linked with lower rates of these two cancers. Breast cancer has been associated with dietary factors. Studies have been conflicting, although the disease is less common in communities where women consume low-fat diets, says the American Cancer Society. Obesity and being overweight are known risk factors for breast cancer, and a healthy diet is related to weight.
Benefits of a Healthy Diet
The American Cancer Society states that making dietary changes can help reduce the risk of developing certain cancers. Eating five or more servings of fruit or vegetables daily, limiting fatty or processed meats like hot dogs or bacon and limiting alcoholic drinks to one or two at most, if at all, are all lifestyle changes the American Cancer Society suggests. Working with a dietitian can help an individual put together a healthy and appropriate diet.
Warning
While diet is not the sole cause of cancer, it has been shown to be a contributing factor in the development of certain cancers. Making dietary changes can help maintain a healthy weight and prevent obesity, both of which can help reduce the risk of certain cancers. Talking to a health care professional about healthy food choices can help maintain optimal health and prevent illness.
References
- World Health Organization: Cancer: diet and physical activity's impact
- American Cancer Society: What are the risk factors for colorectal cancer?
- American Cancer Society: What are the risk factors for breast cancer?
- American Cancer Society: What causes cancer of the esophagus?
- American Cancer Society: Questions that people ask about cancer
