Fructose is a type of sugar found in fruits, honey and some syrups. It is also used as a food and drink sweetener. The phrase "fructose intolerance" describes two different conditions: hereditary fructose intolerance, or HFI, and fruit malabsorption. While both require a doctor's evaluation and diagnosis, each condition is different and requires different treatment methods.
Hereditary Fructose Intolerance
Hereditary fructose intolerance, or HFI, is a rare genetic disorder. People with HFI lack an enzyme to break down fructose. Symptoms include severe abdominal pain, vomiting and hypoglycemia after ingesting foods with fructose. This condition is usually diagnosed during childhood. Failure to treat HFI can lead to kidney and liver damage, notes MayoClinic.com.
Fructose Malabsorption
People with fructose malabsorption have trouble digesting fructose. This condition affects up to one in three adults, according to the FoodIntol website. It can cause abdominal pain, gas, bloating and diarrhea after you eat excessive fructose. While some evidence suggests that fructose malabsorption can cause mood disturbances and depression, unlike HFI the condition does not cause organ damage.
Treatment
The key to treating fructose malabsorption is to determine how much fructose is too much and will bring on symptoms. Once you know your limits, simply eat less fructose, and you should be symptom-free. The treatment for HFI is more rigorous, according to the MayoClinic.com, and involves the complete elimination of fructose products.
Diagnosis
While research can help identify patterns to help you pinpoint your specific levels of fructose intolerance or sensitivity, you must see a doctor for a definitive diagnosis. According to FoodIntol, doctors use a hydrogen breath test and stool analysis to rule out or diagnose HFI.
Confusion
Irritable bowel syndrome has many of the same symptoms as both HFI and fructose malabsorption. A visit to your doctor can provide you with an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment plan.
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