CoQ10, or coenzyme Q10, is a naturally occurring substance in the body that is sold in supplement form and is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes, congestive heart failure and gum disease, according to Drugs.com. the FDA has not approved the supplement for treatment of any condition and should only be used under the direction of a medical doctor. As with any chemical, you may develop an allergy to CoQ10. Report any adverse reactions to the supplement as soon as they develop to prevent further complications. This nutrient is also known as "ubiquinone."
Cause
An allergic reaction to CoQ10 is an overreaction of the immune system to the substance. When you consume CoQ10, the immune system may not recognize it as a safe substance and will begin building defense system against the CoQ10. The immune system creates antibodies that attempt to ward off the substance, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. The antibodies cause cells found in soft tissue to produce histamine. Histamine is a chemical that, in excessive amounts, causes irritation and inflammation in the body.
Symptoms
Symptoms from a CoQ10 allergy develop a few minutes to one hour after you ingest it. Common symptoms from an allergic reaction include nasal congestion, asthma, digestive complications and skin rashes, according to MedlinePlus. Asthma symptoms may cause shortness of breath, chest pain, chest tightness, wheezing and inability to breath. Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and stomach cramping are common digestive difficulties from an allergic reaction.
Diagnosis
In order to properly diagnose a CoQ10 allergy, your doctor may recommend that you see an allergist. The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology states that an allergist is the most qualified medical professional to diagnose and treat an allergic condition. An allergist will use a skin prick test and blood test to determine whether your body produces IgE antibodies when exposed to CoQ10. IgE antibodies are the type of antibodies the body creates to fight off the allergen. If these types of antibodies develop during a blood test, the allergist will determine you're allergic.
Complications
Anaphylactic shock is the most common complication, according to Drugs.com. Anaphylactic shock is a severe, whole-body allergic reaction that could be life-threatening, according to MayoClinic.com. Anaphylactic shock symptoms will appear within minutes of consuming CoQ10. The body releases extreme amounts of histamine, which sends the body into a state of shock. Common symptoms are wheezing, hives, shortness of breath, dizziness, swelling in the face, throat or lips and a drop in blood pressure.
Treatment
Treat mild allergy symptoms, such as sneezing, skin rashes and nasal congestion, with an oral antihistamine. An antihistamine will alleviate the over-production of histamine, reducing common allergy symptoms. If you experience anaphylactic shock, call 911 because the most effective treatment is an injection of epinephrine.
Considerations
An allergic reaction to CoQ10 is unlikely, but could be life-threatening. The most effective way to prevent serious complications is to call medical personal at the first signs of an allergic reaction, such as a rash, facial swelling and shortness of breath.
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