The most common type of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, is an an autoimmune disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and usually appears between the ages of 40 and 60. Research has shown that, along with drug treatments, weight training can play a part in easing the suffering. Increased muscle strength that is gained from weight training can help support and protect the joints and increase mobility.
Significance
Rheumatoid arthritis, unlike other types of arthritis, affects the lining of the joints. The body mistakenly attacks its own tissues, resulting in joint pain and fatigue. Weight training can help strengthen the muscles around the joint and ease the pressure. This can result in increased ability to function daily as well as easing the associated pain. Resistance training also combats cachexia, a secondary symptom of arthritis that results in the loss of muscle mass.
Types
Because arthritis is often felt in the knees and hips, lower body weight training is integral. Donna Rae Siegfried, a medical editor for "Arthritis Today" magazine, suggests a program including leg presses, leg extensions, leg curls and standing calf raises. For the upper body, bicep curls, triceps extensions, the chest press and seated rows are recommended. Siegfried also suggests beginning with weight machines before progressing to free weights.
Time Frame
A 2010 study by the Bangor and Gwynedd Hospital in Wales found that those who engaged in weight training saw improvements in daily functions such as walking. In a 24-week-long study, researchers studied the difference between a group carrying out weight training and another doing less strenuous standard home exercises. The study showed that the weight-training group improved daily function by 20 to 30 percent more than the home group, while strength increased by nearly 120 percent.
Effects
The Bangor and Gwynedd Hospital study found that those in the weight-training group saw an increase in their levels of insulin growth factor (1GF-1) and insulin-like growth binding protein 3. Both promote the growth of muscle, bone and cartilage. Without proper muscle strength, everyday functions such as lifting, carrying and climbing stairs become arduous tasks. The study showed that in many of the patients, improvements were so significant that they were able to complete tasks as well as most healthy people of the same age and sex.
Considerations
Though studies have shown the benefits that weight training can offer arthritis sufferers, researchers and organizations such as the National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society suggest that it may not be for everybody and depends on the level of suffering. Any new exercise plan should be discussed with your doctor or physiotherapist.
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