Gout is a form of arthritis that can cause sudden pain and tenderness in the joints. Chronic exposure to high uric acid levels can lead to the formation of urate crystals that lodge in the joints, triggering gout symptoms. Although prescription medications help treat gout, changing your dietary habits can also have a significant impact in lowering uric acid in the blood.
Gout Attacks
Uric acid is a metabolic product formed from the breakdown of purines. High uric acid levels increase the risk of forming urate crystals that lodge in joints and soft tissues causing pain, redness, inflammation and tenderness. The joint of the big toe is especially susceptible to gout. In addition, gout attacks are sudden, painful episodes that can occur without warning. Although certain health conditions and medications can cause elevated uric acid levels, most cases of gout are idiopathic and the exact cause cannot be determined. If left untreated, urate crystals can form in soft tissues and organs, causing permanent damage, notes MayoClinic.com.
Avoid Alcohol
According to a study published in "Rheumatology" in 1984, T. Gibson and colleagues examined the effects of beer on uric acid levels. The results indicated that beer contained purines that could contribute to higher uric acid levels. In addition, alcohol also had an increasing effect on the rate of uric acid synthesis. If you've been diagnosed with gout, your doctor will likely tell you to avoid alcohol.
Restrict Protein
Although purines are in many different types of food, they are especially prevalent in protein-based foods. According to MayoClinic.com, you should restrict your protein intake to 114 to 170g per day if you have gout. Choose low-fat proteins, such as dairy, tofu, eggs and nuts.
Foods High in Purines
Limit or avoid foods that have high levels of purines. According to The John Hopkins Arthritis Center, foods such as herring, sardines, smelt, and mussels are high in purine content. Other foods to avoid include veal, bacon, turkey, scallops and pheasant, which contain moderate levels of purines.
Gout Treatment
Although dietary restriction is an important part of a gout treatment plan, most patients will require prescription medications to control gouty arthritis. Medications often work by treating symptoms, inhibiting uric acid production or increasing the elimination of uric acid from the body. Discuss diet and medication options with your doctor.
References
- MayoClinic.com: Gout
- "Rheumatology"; Beer Drinking and its Effects on Uric Acid; T. Gibson, et al; Aug. 1984
- The John Hopkins Arthritis Center: Gout -- Treatments for Gout
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