One way a person diagnosed with HIV can start taking control of her own health is to ensure adequate food intake and nutrition. When a person has a serious illness such as HIV or AIDS, nutrition should not be taken for granted. According to the international charity AVERT, HIV and nutrition are intimately linked.
Weight Loss and HIV
There are different reasons why someone with HIV may experience weight loss which can lead to malnutrition. One reason, according to AVERT, is that persons with HIV tend to burn 10 percent more calories while resting. In addition, persons that have HIV are predisposed to different infections and illnesses that can cause symptoms such as mouth sores, nausea or vomiting, which can lead to a poor appetite. Other reasons persons with HIV may experience weight loss include side effects from medications for HIV also known as anti-retroviral treatment.
Medication Side Effects
In addition to weight loss, medications can lead to a redistribution of fat called lipodystrophy. Some medications for HIV also may cause changes in cholesterol levels which can lead to heart disease. Diabetes, another side effect of some antiretroviral treatments, can lead to nutritional problems as well.
Nutrition and HIV Progression to Death
AVERT says that weight loss is associated with higher death rates in those with HIV. A 3 to 5 percent loss of body weight increases the risk of death, while those losing more than 10 percent have up to six times greater chance of death.
Healthy Diet for Those with HIV
Persons with HIV should have a healthy diet. In addition, AVERT recommends taking a multivitamin and consuming 10 percent more calories than the recommended guidelines. Increase extra calories by 30 percent during times of illness. Tufts University recommends making sure that whole grains comprise at least half of carbohydrate intake, having at least 3 cups of fruits and vegetables, limiting foods high in sugar and making sure that protein comes from lean meat.
Seek Professional Advice
Persons with HIV should discuss nutritional recommendations with their doctor. In addition, seeking the advice of a dietitian can assist with dietary planning and education. While on anti-retroviral medication, discuss with a doctor side effects and how to manage them. Nutritional problems should be identified quickly and remedied when possible for improved quality of life, longevity and the best health possible.
