Mesothelioma is a cancer of the mesothelium (the thin, outer layer surrounding most of your organs). According to the Mayo Clinic, about 2,000 to 3,000 people are diagnosed with mesothelioma in the United States each year.
Types
There are four types of mesothelioma. According to the American Cancer Society, pleural mesothelioma involves the outer layer of the lungs. Pericardial mesothelium affects the outer layer of the heart. Peritoneal mesothelioma affects the outer layer of your stomach, and mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis affects the outer layer of your testicles.
Symptoms
Symptoms of mesothelioma depend on what type it is. Pleural mesothelioma involves trouble breathing, coughing and weight loss. Peritoneal mesothelioma involves stomach pains and swelling. The remaining two types are rare so specific symptoms are not clear, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Cause
According to the American Cancer Society, asbestos exposure is the main culprit for mesothelioma. Asbestos are fibers found in certain environments such as old homes and insulation. They enter your body when you breathe and cause inflammation.
Treatments
The Mayo Clinic says treatments include surgery to remove the the cancerous areas, and chemotherapy (chemicals) and radiation therapy (high energy beams) to kill the cancer cells. Clinical trials are available to provide new treatment options.
Prevention
Asbestos exposure must be avoided to prevent yourself from developing mesothelioma, and workplaces and homes should be tested for asbestos levels.
